By Olakunle Agboola – Kenya recently witnessed a unique wave of activism spearheaded by the Gen Z population. Frustrated by systemic issues such as corruption, unemployment, and social inequality, these young Kenyans took to the streets in a series of protests that have continued to resonate within the African continent and beyond.
The recent movement is not only a reflection of the growing discontent among Kenya’s youth but also serves as a stark warning to African leaders about the urgent need for reform and inclusivity of African youths.
The finance bill, which proposed several tax hikes, triggered the protests in Kenya. The youth’s anger had accumulated for years when some pressing national problems had not been adequately addressed since independence. That includes population growth, land degradation, corruption, and the predominance of politics over economics.
The fact that 80% of the Kenyan population is below 35 years old demands that the government immediately take new and innovative approaches to creating economic opportunities. With the combination of monetary hardship, political disillusionment cum youth unemployment rate exceeding 20%, and rampant corruption undermining public trust sparked the frustrations of the younger generation which have reached a boiling point.
The immediate trigger started on social media and ended up mobilizing protests offline. Platforms like Twitter, TikTok, and Instagram became the epicenters of organization and dissemination of information, allowing the movement to gain momentum rapidly. Hashtags such as #rejectsthebills and #rutomustgo trended for weeks, amplifying the voices of young Kenyans and drawing international attention.
The demands of the youths were both broad and specific, reflecting a desire for comprehensive change. The key among these demands are Economic Reforms, Anti-Corruption Measures, Social Justice, and Political Accountability.
The Kenyan government’s response to the protests has been mixed. Initially, there was a heavy-handed approach, with police using tear gas and water cannons to disperse crowds, leading to numerous injuries and arrests. This only fueled the anger and determination of the protesters, resulting in larger and more widespread demonstrations.
In a bid to quell the unrest, President William Ruto eventually addressed the nation, acknowledging the grievances of the youth and promising a series of reforms. These included setting up a task force to address youth unemployment, launching anti-corruption initiatives, and proposing amendments to the controversial tax bill. However, many protesters remain skeptical, viewing these promises as mere placation tactics without a real commitment to change.
The Gen Z protests in Kenya are part of a broader trend of youth-led activism across Africa. Similar movements have been seen in Nigeria with #EndSARS, in South Africa with #FeesMustFall, and Sudan with the pro-democracy protests. These movements highlight a generational shift, with young Africans increasingly unwilling to accept the status quo and demanding a more inclusive and accountable governance.
Africa is the youngest continent in terms of population, with over 60% of its inhabitants under the age of 25. This demographic dividend presents both an opportunity and a challenge. If harnessed properly, it could drive economic growth and innovation. However, if their aspirations and needs are not met, it could lead to increased unrest and instability.
The widespread use of social media and mobile technology has empowered young Africans to organize and mobilize in ways that were impossible for previous generations. This digital revolution has leveled the playing field, allowing grassroots movements to gain traction and influence public discourse. Social media has been a big avenue for mobilization and protests. Also, it has allowed millions of youths to call out the government and follow up on development and policies.
Kenyan protests have woken up more youths in different parts of the continent to demand inclusive government. Nigerian youths are currently gathering momentum on social media, and this is to protest and fight against bad governance by the end of the month. The ongoing online protests signal a growing demand for good governance, transparency, and accountability.
Young Africans are increasingly disillusioned with corrupt and ineffective leadership and are calling for a new political culture that prioritizes the welfare of the people. They demanded policies that create jobs, support entrepreneurship, and foster economic inclusion.
The rise of Gen Z protests in Kenya and other parts of Africa is a signal warning that it won’t be ‘business as usual’. African leaders must put on their ‘thinking caps’ and actively engage with the youth, listen to their concerns, and involve them in decision-making across all governmental sectors. Ignoring their voices only aggravates discontent and fuels unrest as the world is becoming a global village with the advent of social media.
African leaders have every opportunity to tackle corruption, improve governance, and implement policies that promote economic growth and social justice. There has been an increase in cutting down government expenditures in different countries across the continents. The Liberian president recently slashed his salary by 40% and it is expected that other African leaders will join the moving train of reducing costs of governance.
There are expectations from the Nigerian Government to be reasonable in spending and stop living in privileged circumstances at the detriment of poor Nigerians who could hardly cope with the high cost of living. There is so much anger from the youths that Nigerian governments might not be able to curtail, if nothing is done to cut down government spending which has become outrageous.
Embracing technology can help bridge the gap between governments and young citizens. Recently Ruto, Kenyan President, met with the youths on Twitter. He listened to their grievances and used the platform to address pertinence issues. Digital platforms of such can be used to enhance transparency, streamline service delivery, and facilitate dialogue. Government must be close to the people and digital platforms can bridge the gap.
African leaders must be intentional in their approach to having inclusive policies that will address the needs of all segments of society, particularly marginalized groups. Ensuring equitable access to education, healthcare, and economic opportunities is essential for long-term stability. An inclusive government is the key where no citizens are sidelined
The recent protests in Kenya have become a potent reminder of the power and potential of Africa’s youth. This underscores the urgent need for African leaders to address the root causes of discontent and to work towards building more inclusive, transparent, and accountable governance structures.
The voices of young Africans are growing louder, and their demands for a better future can no longer be ignored. They are the future, and the government must listen to them. It is time for the African government to build a better environment with good economic policies. This will help the youths to become the best version of themselves, maximizing their potential on their home soil without thinking of Europe or America as an immediate solution.
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