By Olakunle Agboola
Africa, a continent brimming with potential, remains trapped in a vicious cycle where political elites prioritize the next election over building systems and institutions that ensure sustainable development. Many countries across the continent exemplify this struggle, as successive governments focus on retaining power rather than establishing the groundwork for long-term progress. This emphasis on transient electoral victories at the expense of systemic reforms perpetuates weak institutions, undermines democracy, and hinders the continent’s growth.
The Political Elite and the Weakening of Institutions
African nations are frequently characterized by fragile institutions vulnerable to manipulation by the political elite. Leaders often exploit these institutions to consolidate power instead of strengthening them to uphold justice, equity, and good governance. Electoral commissions, judiciary systems, and law enforcement agencies are routinely co-opted, compromising their neutrality and effectiveness.
The Dynasty Politics of President Tinubu
President Bola Ahmed Tinubu’s leadership in Nigeria demonstrates the dangers of prioritizing personal power over institutional development. During his tenure as governor of Lagos State, Tinubu cultivated a network of loyalists, fostering a culture of nepotism that persists to this day. His influence in Lagos politics has created an environment where power is recycled among his allies and family members.
Reports suggest that Tinubu’s son, Seyi Tinubu, is being groomed to succeed the current governor of Lagos State, effectively turning the state into a political dynasty. Such blatant disregard for democratic norms erodes public trust in governance. Leaders who manipulate institutions for personal gain compromise the credibility of elections and subvert the will of the people. Over time, this undermines the fabric of democracy, fostering unrest and disillusionment among citizens.
Electoral Obsession in Ghana and Kenya
Ghana and Kenya, two nations often hailed as models of democracy in Africa, face challenges related to an excessive focus on elections.
Political rivalry between the New Patriotic Party (NPP) and the National Democratic Congress (NDC) in Ghana overshadows critical discussions on economic reforms and institutional development. Campaigns often revolve around populist promises designed to secure votes, leaving little room for substantive policy discourse.
Ethnic mobilization and financial inducements frequently mar political campaigns in Kenya. Allegations of bias and irregularities within institutions such as the Independent Electoral and Boundaries Commission (IEBC) have further undermined public trust. Politicians exploiting these weaknesses prioritize electoral victories at all costs, perpetuating cycles of instability and economic stagnation.
Challenges of a Post-Apartheid Democracy
South Africa’s transition from apartheid to democracy was widely celebrated, but systemic challenges persist. The ruling African National Congress (ANC) has often been accused of prioritizing party interests over national development. Corruption scandals and the weakening of state-owned enterprises highlight the dangers of prioritizing political expediency over institutional integrity.
The ANC’s focus on retaining power has often come at the expense of addressing pressing issues such as unemployment, inequality, and social unrest. This reflects a broader trend in African politics, where short-term electoral considerations frequently outweigh the long-term needs of citizens.
The Economic Cost of Political Selfishness
The lack of focus on institutional development and the obsession with elections have dire economic consequences. Treating politics as a business, with leaders prioritizing personal gain over public welfare, leaves nations struggling to develop. Weak institutions fail to enforce laws, protect property rights, or ensure equitable resource distribution, deterring investment and stifling economic growth.
Nigeria’s pervasive culture of corruption and nepotism has contributed to a staggering poverty rate. Despite being Africa’s largest economy, Nigeria’s per capita income remains alarmingly low in 2024, with over 40% of the population living below the poverty line. Similar trends are evident across Kenya, Ghana, and South Africa, where political elites prioritize short-term benefits at the expense of citizens’ long-term well-being.
A Call for Institutional Reforms
Shifting focus from the next election to the next generation is crucial for escaping this destructive cycle. Achieving this demands a fundamental rethinking of governance priorities and a commitment to strengthening institutions that safeguard democracy and promote development.
Electoral commissions must operate independently, shielded from political interference. Transparency and accountability are essential to restoring public confidence in elections and ensuring that leaders genuinely represent the will of the people.
Protecting the judiciary from political pressures is vital to uphold the rule of law and act as a check on executive overreach. A strong, impartial judiciary fosters a culture of accountability.
Public institutions need to focus on service delivery rather than political patronage. Implementing merit-based recruitment and promotion systems can enhance efficiency and reduce corruption.
Civic education plays a critical role in empowering citizens to hold leaders accountable. Educated citizens who understand their rights and responsibilities are better equipped to demand governance reforms and resist attempts to undermine democratic norms.
The Role of Citizens
The responsibility for change ultimately lies with Africa’s citizens. Rejecting leaders who prioritize personal ambition over national development sends a clear message that weak institutions and selfish governance will no longer be tolerated. Grassroots movements, civil society organizations, and an independent press play pivotal roles in holding leaders accountable and advocating for systemic reforms.
From Elections to Legacy
Africa’s potential will remain unrealized if its leaders continue prioritizing elections over the long-term well-being of their nations. Shifting the focus to the next generation instead of the next election offers a path to sustainable development and inclusive growth.
African leaders must transcend the politics of self-interest and embrace the politics of legacy. Only by doing so can the continent unlock its true potential and secure a brighter future for its people.
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